Understanding Citrix Slow-Start load balancing
Wednesday, 15 March 2006 by Michel Roth
As I reported earlier, Citrix has released a hotfix for Presentation Server 4.0 which combats the back-hole effect. For a detailed explanation of this bacl-hole effect and how this fix combats this, you should read this article by Thomas Koetzig:

"In larger Farms the "in place" load balancing technology plays a critical role during peak logon periods. Hundreds or even thousand of users start working in a short time frame, resulting in dozen of login requests within seconds. If a server comes online during that time, then every request is send to the new server because the server has no load. Now this server probably gets more than 10 login request per second and means a heavy resource usage for the server.

Due to the heavy resource usage the server might be unable to update its load and becomes unresponsive. Without the load updated, the Farm Data Collector will continue to send new login request to the server. This then looks like as if the server would “suck-in” all new incoming connections and is commonly known as the black hole effect."

Read it here.

Related Items:

Hotfix PSE400R01W2K3027 For PS4.0 Fixes The "Black Hole Effect" (6 March 2006)
Understanding The New Logon Throttling Load Evaluator Options In Citrix Presentation Server 4.5 (6 May 2007)
Windows Server 2008 Parallel Session Creation Revisited (3 October 2007)
The Future Of Citrix Load Balancing (16 April 2007)
A closer look at Session Broker load balancing in Windows Server 2008 (7 July 2007)
Citrix Presentation Server Load Management (26 October 2006)
Terminal Server Session Broker (29 February 2008)
Load Balancing In Citrix Environments (12 June 2007)
Citrix Presentation Server Load Management - Part 2: Load Biasing (30 November 2006)
Citrix Presentation Server Load Management - Part 3: Load Evaluators (3 January 2007)
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